A rare headache that is often confused with tension headaches is new daily persistent headaches or (NDPHs). This type of a headache is relatively new. It was described in 1986 by Dr. Vansat. These are headaches that occur every day continuously for at least 3 months. Causes of New Daily Persistent Headaches The cause of NDPH is not well-defined. NDPH develops suddenly and in people that do not have a history of headaches. About 1 in 3 people experience an extreme illness such as influenza prior to its development. Another smaller subset underwent a stressful event or surgery prior to NDPH. However, 50% did not have a specific cause for the pain. Symptoms of  New Daily Persistent Headaches NDPHs occur anywhere on the head on both sides. Half of NDPHs have migraine characteristics such as hypersensitivity to light and noise and nausea . The other half is similar to tension-type headaches. Despite their differences, there is little that can be done to treat the pain for either NDPH. Most patients develop NDPH in their mid-thirties. Women are twice as likely to develop a headache as men. Testing for Other Causes Most testing surrounding NDPH is done to rule out any specific cases or more severe illnesses from which the headaches may have arisen, specifically brain damage or bleeding is examined using various imaging techniques.

Extended use of medication to treat pain can actually make headaches worse. Though less common than migraines , the effects can be even more harmful and affect the quality of life and performance of normal daily activities. These headaches are also very expensive to treat. Medication overuse headaches are headaches that occur more than 15 days per month along with overuse (if medication is taken more than 10 or 15 days per month) of a pain medication for more than 3 months. People that experience medication overuse headaches These headaches typically do not occur in individuals taking medication for chronic pain in other areas of the body. Most patients have a pre-existing headache disorder and take medication to relieve the headache pain specifically. Nearly 63 million people globally suffer from medication overuse headaches. It also is more likely to occur in women than in men in most countries. Medications that cause medication overuse headaches The most common culprits of these specific headaches are over the counter pain medications, specifically paracetamol and ergotamine. Headaches from overuse of triptans and NSAIDs are also on the rise. Although headaches do not appear to result from opioid use, they are not recommended to treat headache pain as it can change episodic headaches into chronic headaches.

Cluster headaches are defined as short (15-180 min), unilateral, intense headaches occurring around or above the eye or along the sides of the head behind the ears. These can occur up to 8 times a day. These headaches get their name from the fact that they occur or cluster around the same time of the day. Like with most headaches, there is an episodic form and a chronic form. The episodic form will typically occur over a few days or a few weeks and then resolve on its own. Although rare, chronic cluster headaches have occurred and experience these headaches daily. The pain is so intense that it often wakes patients that experience them at night from their sleep. Defining characteristics Patients with these headaches experience 5 headaches with the following conditions on the same side of the head as the pain: redness or tearing up of the eye on the same side, nasal congestion, swollen eyelid, facial sweating and pupil constriction and/or eye drooping. The pain is mostly experienced around the eye or along the sides of the head. However, it can also be experienced in the upper teeth. Jaw, forehead, or cheek for 50% of the time. It has also been reported to occur in the ears, lower jaw, neck and shoulders.

The following are the different types of Lung Cancer: Non-small cell lung cancer The most common lung cancer is non-small cell (NSCLC) which accounts for up to eighty-five percent of lung cancer patients. “Non-small cell” is an umbrella term for three types of cancer: adenocarcinomas, large cell carcinomas, and squamous cell carcinomas. Adenocarcinomas grow slowly and first appear on the periphery of the lung. This is the type of lung cancer most likely to present in a non-smoker, though it must be noted that the majority of its victims do smoke. Squamous cell carcinomas, by contrast, are located in the middle of the lung, and large cell carcinomas are wild cards that can appear anywhere in the lung. The treatment for non-small cell lung cancer will vary depending on how far the disease has advanced. In the very early stages of this disease, it can be eradicated with surgery alone through radiation or chemotherapy may be deemed necessary, as well. If the cancer is diagnosed as advanced, radiation may be used alone or in conjunction with surgery and chemotherapy. If the cancer has spread beyond the lungs, chest, diaphragm, and lymph nodes, the patient is generally advised that the surgery will be futile.

Introduction to Depression Depression is divided into two general types: primary and secondary type. Under the primary type, the most dominant disorder is Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), also known as clinical depression. MDD is divided into three subtypes: (1) melancholia or classic depression, (2) atypical or non-classic depression, and (3) psychotic depression. Major subtypes of MDD Melancholia is a type of depression where the essential feature is the loss of interest or pleasure in all, or almost all activities, or a lack of reactivity to usually pleasurable stimuli. Your depressed mood does not improve, even temporarily, when something good happens to you. In addition, you experience at least three of the following symptoms: a distinct quality of the depressed mood, depression that is regularly worse in the morning, early morning awakening, psychomotor retardation or agitation, significant anorexia or weight loss, or excessive and inappropriate guilt.  In atypical depression, there is mood reactivity and the presence of at least two of the following features: Increased appetite or weight gain Hypersomnia Leaden paralysis The long-standing pattern of extreme sensitivity to perceived interpersonal rejection. These features predominate during the most recent 2-week period.When you manifest mood reactivity, it means that you cheer up when you are presented with positive events, like a visit from your children, or brothers and sisters, or receiving compliments from others.